Vibe coding is an AI-assisted programming paradigm where developers describe desired functionalities in natural language, allowing artificial intelligence to generate the corresponding code. This approach leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to translate user intentions into executable software, enabling individuals with minimal coding experience to create sophisticated applications.
Coined by computer scientist Andrej Karpathy in early 2025, vibe coding emphasizes a relaxed interaction with AI tools, where developers focus on high-level problem descriptions and rely on AI to handle implementation details. Karpathy describes it as "fully giving in to the vibes, embracing exponentials, and forgetting that the code even exists."
While vibe coding democratizes software development and accelerates prototyping, it presents challenges such as potential technical debt, security vulnerabilities, and difficulties in maintaining AI-generated code. Experts caution that over-reliance on AI without proper code review may lead to unmanageable projects.
Despite these challenges, vibe coding represents a significant shift in software development, enabling rapid creation of functional applications through natural language interactions with AI.
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